Contracts with Power-intensive Users

While the energy bill of an aluminum company is considerably more complex than the electricity bill of a household, it is still possible to give a fairly clear picture of Norðurál’s power purchases for its production. Norðurál has long-term contracts with three electricity producers amounting to a total of 546.5 MW. These contracts were signed at different times over the past decades and have varying durations. The current contracts include: A joint contract with HS Orka and OR from 2005, with OR from 2008, and two contracts with Landsvirkjun from 1997 and 2009. The contract with Landsvirkjun from 1997 was last extended in 2021 and took effect the same year. The joint contract with OR and HS Orka, which is valid 2026–2028, will be split upon renewal. Norðurál has reached a new agreement with ON Power (a subsidiary of OR) to purchase 150 MW for a five-year period.

 

 

 

Long-term contracts for buying and selling electric power cover many aspects, including contract duration, volume, pricing formula, take-or-pay obligations, curtailment rights and the arrangement of transmission fees to Landsnet.

In three out of Norðurál’s four contracts the price is linked to the global market price of aluminum. When the 1997 contract with Landsvirkjun was amended in 2016, the link to the price of aluminum was abandoned and replaced by a link to the Nordic Nord Pool power market. The new agreement came into force in November 2019.

The cost of transmission can be borne by the buyer or the seller, or it can be shared. Norðurál’s power contracts vary in how the cost of transmission is borne by the parties to the contract.

 

 

182 MW from Landsvirkjun (1997)

Norðurál’s first power contract was signed with Landsvirkjun on August 7, 1997 (LV 1997), for delivery of 107 MW over a period of 20 years, for the annual production of 60,000 tonnes of aluminum. The price was linked to the global market price of aluminum. Delivery commenced in July 1998, when Norðurál’s Grundartangi smelter became operational. An amendment for a one year extension and a total delivery of 161 MW was signed on October 29, 1999, to support an increase in production to 90,000 tonnes per annum. A second amendment was signed on April 21, 2004, with clarifications of terms and the addition of Norðurál’s right to procure power from suppliers other than Landsvirkjun. A third amendment was signed on August 31, 2016, and came into effect in 2019. In this amendment, the pricing formula was changed from being linked to the aluminum price to being linked to the Nordic electricity market, Nord Pool, and the contract was extended until the end of 2023. A fourth amendment was signed on February 24, 2021, and thereby lifted confidentiality on the contract.  A fifth amendment was signed on July 19, 2021, in which the volume was increased to further boost the smelter’s production capacity for both primary aluminum and value-added specialty products, and the contract term was extended until the end of 2026. It was also agreed that in 2024, the contract would shift to a fixed price instead of being linked to Nord Pool.A sixth amendment was signed on September 5, 2022, where the Nord Pool price linkage was partially reduced in favor of a fixed price. Additionally, an aluminum price linkage was added to the fixed price later in the contract period. At present, the pricing in the fifth and sixth amendments remains confidential.

 

 

292 MW from OR and HS Energy (2005)

Norðurál signed its first contract with OR and HS Orka on April 17, 2004, for delivery of 153 MW over a 20 year period. The price is linked to the global market price of aluminum. The contract was amended on October 28, 2004, to increase the delivery to 222 MW as Norðurál increased production to 220,000 tonnes per annum. Before delivery began, the contract was amended and restated on April 6, 2005, increasing the total to 292 MW to support Norðurál’s annual production of 260,000 tonnes. The specific terms of this contract and its amendments are confidential. Upon renewal, the contract will be split. On April 16, 2025, a contract was signed for the delivery of 150 MW with ON Power (ON), in which ON replaces OR. This contract will take effect on October 1, 2026, in stages to align with the current agreement.

47.5 MW from OR (2008)

On December 30, 2008 Norðurál and OR signed a contract (OR 2008) for the planned Helguvík aluminum smelter. The contracts provides that this power can also be used for Norðurál’s Grundartangi smelter in light of the uncertainty concerning the construction and launch of the Helguvik smelter at the time of signing. Delivery under this contract began in 2011.

 

 

25 MW from Landsvirkjun (2009)

Norðurál’s contract for delivery of up to 50 MW from Landsvirkjun, from February 25, 2009 (LV 2009), has a term of just over 20 years. The capacity has since been decreased to 25 MW. The price is linked to the global market price of aluminum.

 

 

All power contracts and amendments of which confidentiality clauses have been lifted are available in PDF format by clicking on the appropriate link in the table below.

 

 

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Glossary

MW and MWh

The unit of measurement for power is called watt (W). Power applied for a given amount of time is called energy and is measured in watt-hours (Wh). As the units in the power and electric energy consumption of energy intensive industries are sizeable, units of megawatts (a million watts), gigawatts (a thousand megawatts) or even terawatts (a thousand gigawatts) are usually applied.

14.2 (MWh/t) is the energy required to produce one ton of aluminum. Norðurál’s annual consumption of electric energy amounts to ca 4.6 million MWh.

LME

LME stands for London Metal Exchange and is used for indicating the price of aluminum listed there ($/ton of aluminum).

LME cash is the spot price and LME3M is the three-month price in forward trading.

The LME pricing formula involves multiplying LME’s monthly average for the accounting month ($/t) with a percentage that indicates the share of electric energy cost in the price of aluminum, thereafter dividing that figure with 14,2 (MWh/t) to obtain the price for the specific month in $/MWh.

Click HERE for LME prices for aluminum.

Nord Pool

Nord Pool means the Nordic electricity market.

Nord Pool prices are available HERE.

Take-or-pay

A percentage of the underlying energy in the contract which the buyer guarantees to pay for at any given time, whether it is put to use or not.

Permission to resell energy

A permission to resell energy the buyer contractually purchases to a third party, e.g. in case of production stoppage or it becomes uneconomical to contractually use the energy.

Electric energy transmission

The way contracted power transmission costs (i.e. payments to Landsnet) are split between energy providers and buyers differs. In Norðurál’s contracts it is either Norðurál, the energy providers or it is split equally between the parties.